{"id":9510,"date":"2024-09-14T12:13:50","date_gmt":"2024-09-14T05:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=9510"},"modified":"2024-09-14T12:13:50","modified_gmt":"2024-09-14T05:13:50","slug":"loi-nguoi-man-di-hien-dai-nhoi-dan-ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/?p=9510","title":{"rendered":"L\u1edcI NG\u01af\u1edcI MAN DI HI\u1ec6N \u0110\u1ea0I – NH\u1edcI \u0110\u00c0N B\u00c0"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

L\u1edcI D\u1eaaN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e2u n\u00f3i Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i m\u1eabu<\/em><\/strong> l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef, l\u00e0 ca dao, hay l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f4n… \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai, d\u00f9 l\u00e0m g\u00ec, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i thi\u00eang li\u00eang, c\u00e1i cao qu\u00fd, c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m \u00fd t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u00e1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5i thay s\u00e2u s\u1eafc b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1eadt nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea, nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tin r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea ch\u00fang t\u00f4i…\u201d<\/em> t\u00f4n th\u1edd m\u1eb9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5ng cao nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 hay d\u1edf, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1eb9! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea \u0111\u00f3 th\u1edd c\u00e2u: Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i m\u1eabu<\/em><\/strong>, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh (1882 \u2013 1936).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ra m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n bu\u1ed3n, lo, tr\u0103n tr\u1edf\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n lu\u00f4n canh c\u00e1nh trong l\u00f2ng, trong suy ngh\u0129, l\u00e0 c\u00e1i s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 l\u1eadu trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n, trong sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a bao \u0111i\u1ec1u cay \u0111\u1eafng v\u00e0 chua x\u00f3t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb l\u00fac m\u1edbi ngo\u00e0i 20 tu\u1ed5i, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u00f5ng d\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i \u2018H\u1ed9i qu\u00e1n Tr\u00ed Tri\u2019 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, r\u1eb1ng:\u201cCh\u1eef vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, n\u00f3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady!\u201d. <\/em>Nguy\u1ec5n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t khi b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/em> c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m, v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNh\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng th\u1ed5n th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef-ngh\u0129a \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdn nho m\u00e0 th\u00f4i; th\u00ec sao hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Tr\u00edch L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a do Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft trong cu\u1ed1n Tam Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00ed Di\u1ec5n Ngh\u0129a<\/em>, in l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1909, c\u00f9ng Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh 1875-1921).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng thi\u00ean b\u1ea9m, l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c La Tinh h\u00f3a t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i ch\u1eef – ngh\u0129a \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhau <\/em>n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n nh\u1eefng mong qua con ch\u1eef n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb l\u1ed1i ngh\u0129, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi, h\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, s\u1ef1 t\u0103m t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Nguy\u1ec5n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eadp tan c\u00e1i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp do l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u2018l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n\u2019 c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed \u201cn\u1eef nhi nan gi\u00e1o\u201d<\/em> (ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f3 d\u1ea1y).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm c\u00e1i h\u1ed3n qu\u00ea qua h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nguy\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n x\u00f3t xa cho m\u1eb9 khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1eb9 kh\u1ed5, m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi l\u1eadn \u0111\u1eadn v\u00ec\u2026 ch\u1ed3ng, v\u00ec\u2026 con. \u0110au c\u00e1i n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9, kh\u1ed5 c\u00e1i n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9, Nguy\u1ec5n mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, gi\u00fap m\u1eb9 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n m\u1edf c\u00e1i c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda v\u0103n minh, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 y\u00ean t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, quy\u1ec1n m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac! <\/em>V\u00e0 tr\u00ean n\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1eadn cao qu\u00fd h\u01a1n, v\u00ec l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi:\u201cM\u1eb9 ngo\u1ea3nh \u0111i, con d\u1ea1i; m\u1eb9 ngo\u1ea3nh l\u1ea1i, con kh\u00f4n\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1edd c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y v\u1ec1 khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, n\u00ean khi Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0n v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1907, ch\u00ednh k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u2018\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng\u2019 Nguy\u1ec5n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat t\u1edd b\u00e1o ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf B\u1eafc k\u1ef3,\u201c\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o\u201d,<\/em> Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba, v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1eb7t c\u00e1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ngu d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, khai m\u1edf chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, con g\u00e1i, v\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n tin r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea7u tre l\u1eaft l\u1ebbo g\u1eadp gh\u1ec1nh kh\u00f3 \u0111i<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f3 \u0111i m\u1eb9 d\u1eaft con \u0111i<\/em>\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c NH\u1edcI \u0110\u00c0N B\u00c0.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o\u201d<\/em> c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u00fang b\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian di\u1ec5n ra Phong tr\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh<\/em> Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c<\/em> (9 th\u00e1ng), nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 cho ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n hai ch\u1ee5c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u00e0nh cho chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, nam n\u1eef b\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u00e0m \u01a1n c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi n\u1eef, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i th\u00f4ng qua vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 lo l\u1eafng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 mi\u1ec7t th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ed5 h\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 con g\u00e1i, c\u00e1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng coi h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i ch\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch<\/em> m\u00e0 h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 cho r\u1eb1ng, l\u00e0 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, cho d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5m th\u00eda khi \u00f4ng b\u00e0 \u00f4ng v\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed3 c\u00f4i cha \u0103n c\u01a1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed3 c\u00f4i m\u1eb9 li\u1ebfm l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (ch\u1ee3).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, trong gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Th\u00eam l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u201cv\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng\u201d.<\/em> Theo \u00f4ng, \u201cTrong s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/em> (L\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc – T\u1eadp b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n V\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc – Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110H KHXH&NV TP.HCM, 2005, tr.66).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, l\u00f2ng nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9c hy sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh trong ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb h\u1eadu sinh, bi\u00ean t\u1eadp cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c NH\u1edcI \u0110\u00c0N B\u00c0<\/em> \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u00e0 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat, t\u1eeb khi kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 (1907) cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng b\u1ecb o \u00e9p, \u0111\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0 g\u1ee5c ng\u00e3 (1936).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khai minh c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n cay nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf, c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng phong ki\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 h\u1ee7, \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ee3i ca c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ba ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t mang c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (1907 \u2013 1913 \u2013 1931). Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, do s\u1ef1 b\u00e0i x\u00edch c\u1ee7a Phong ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Nho gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c gia \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i khi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u ch\u1eef ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, m\u00e0 100 n\u0103m sau nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 ng\u1ed3 ng\u1ed9. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap l\u1ed9t t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung, th\u1eddi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc\u2026?!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p trung th\u1ef1c theo \u0111\u00fang nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1edd b\u00e1o g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, Nguy\u1ec5n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ti\u00ean phong trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ebft b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 tr\u0103n tr\u1edf, s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n trong t\u01b0 duy khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn t\u1eebng con ch\u1eef b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9c m\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng mong \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn, do n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, do Nguy\u1ec5n b\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5m vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd, ch\u00ednh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n, suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 r\u1ed9 ch\u00edn nh\u1ea5t, s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cL\u1eddi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d – NH\u1edcI \u0110\u00c0N B\u00c0<\/em>, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, ch\u00ed \u00edt l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eafn, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2013 khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Tri Th\u1ee9c<\/em> cho ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eadp M\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch 14 t\u1eadp, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c di c\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cL\u1eddi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d,<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn nay, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/em>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1edbi cho ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 Hai n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd cho ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man di hi\u1ec7n<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em>, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean n\u1eefa l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xin th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt c\u1ea3m \u01a1n Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/em>, c\u1ea3m \u01a1n nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n ra Vi\u1ec7t V\u0103n, c\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c vong linh \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u1eadn t\u00e2m, ra s\u1ee9c s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n nh\u01b0: Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u1ed5, Nguy\u1ec5n K\u1ef3, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb M\u01b0\u1eddi, Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con r\u1ec3 B\u00f9i T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c con c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm c\u00e1i t\u01b0 duy Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i m\u1eabu<\/em><\/strong> c\u1ee7a cha m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, m\u00f9a Thu 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ghi ch\u00fa: Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cNH\u1edcI \u0110\u00c0N B\u00c0\u201d<\/em> do NXB Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef in l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 2018, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u n\u0103m 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n B\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1edcI D\u1eaaN C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e2u n\u00f3i Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i m\u1eabu l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef, l\u00e0 ca dao, hay l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f4n… \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai, d\u00f9 l\u00e0m g\u00ec, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":9512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Loi-nguoi-Man-di-hien-dai.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9510"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9510"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9513,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9510\/revisions\/9513"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9510"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}