{"id":4899,"date":"2020-09-22T15:07:38","date_gmt":"2020-09-22T08:07:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4899"},"modified":"2024-02-05T00:29:32","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T17:29:32","slug":"moi-quan-he-lich-su-nguyen-van-vinh-phan-boi-chau-bai-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/?p=4899","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed0I QUAN H\u1ec6 L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH \u2013 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U &#8211; B\u00e0i 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4899\" class=\"elementor elementor-4899\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63d9a4bf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"63d9a4bf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b8ce7e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b8ce7e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">B\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>S\u1ef0 KH\u00c1C BI\u1ec6T C\u0102N B\u1ea2N TRONG PH\u01af\u01a0NG TH\u1ee8C T\u1ed4 CH\u1ee8C v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed8NG VI\u00caN C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG <\/strong><strong>gi\u1eefa PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U v\u00e0 PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u sinh n\u0103m 1867 t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n Nam \u0110\u00e0n, t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh. N\u0103m 1897, khi 30 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u00ec, song s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 s\u1ea3y ra do v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh khi \u0111i thi, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eabn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n, gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00f4ng t\u1ed9i mang t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng thi <em>(ho\u00e0i hi\u1ec7p v\u0103n t\u1ef1)<\/em>, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb chung th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 thi <em>(chung th\u00e2n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc \u1ee9ng th\u00ed).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1902, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n chia c\u1eaft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9\u2026 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ec1 b\u1ed9n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ebf t\u1eafc \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u1edd m\u1ecbt, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1903, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103m gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, s\u1ef1 h\u00e0 hi\u1ebfp, trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch <em>\u2018L\u01b0u C\u1ea7u huy\u1ebft l\u1ec7 <\/em>th\u01b0\u2019, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n cao \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap ch\u1ee9ng minh cho \u0111\u1eddi sau hi\u1ec3u, vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec sao Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u ph\u1eabn u\u1ea5t, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u0169 trang.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng b\u00f4n ba kh\u1eafp mi\u1ec1n Nam, B\u1eafc, t\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o, mong \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u1eadn m\u1eaft th\u1ebf th\u00e1i nh\u00e2n t\u00ecnh, r\u1ed3i \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1904, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u l\u1eadp Duy T\u00e2n H\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n K\u1ef3 Ngo\u1ea1i H\u1ea7u C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ec3 (l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a vua Gia Long), sinh n\u0103m 1882, v\u00e0 t\u00f4n C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m minh ch\u1ee7. \u00d4ng n\u00eau t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>&#8220;Chuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c&#8221;.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>(Trong t\u1eadp <em>\u201cT\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1n \u2013 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u ni\u00ean bi\u1ec3u\u201d<\/em>)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4905,\"width\":336,\"height\":498,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/220px-Phan_Boi_Chau_va_Cuong_De-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4905\" width=\"336\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/220px-Phan_Boi_Chau_va_Cuong_De-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/220px-Phan_Boi_Chau_va_Cuong_De-1-202x300.jpg 202w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><figcaption><em>Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ec3<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1905, H\u1ed9i Duy T\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t g\u1eedi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sang Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Trung Hoa du h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn d\u1eaft l\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh sinh n\u0103m 1872, t\u1ea1i Ti\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c (Qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng), c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh. M\u1eb9 m\u1ea5t khi \u00f4ng m\u1edbi 6 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng \u0111i theo cha t\u1eeb n\u0103m 12 tu\u1ed5i. Cha \u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft trong phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p do Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 B\u1ed9 Binh c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf l\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u (1884) <strong><sup>(1)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i qu\u00ea s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh trai. Nh\u1edd h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, n\u0103m 1900, khi 28 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 c\u1eed nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean. N\u0103m 1901, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng (Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129). Do ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh trai qua \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1903, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m Th\u1eeba bi\u1ec7n B\u1ed9 L\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh <strong><sup>(2)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1905, \u00f4ng t\u1eeb quan, c\u00f9ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c K\u1ebf v\u00e0 Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o Nam c\u0169ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o. Khi t\u1edbi B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a thi kh\u1ea3o h\u1ea1ch (Khoa thi ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9). H\u1ecd l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi v\u1edbi b\u00fat danh <em>\u0110\u00e0o M\u1ed9ng Gi\u00e1c<\/em>, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1eed h\u00e3y t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9, r\u1eddi b\u1ecf m\u1ed9ng danh l\u1ee3i, quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, gi\u00fap d\u00e2n ch\u00fang tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Sau cu\u1ed9c Nam du n\u00e0y, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1ea7m n\u00e3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm l\u00ean t\u1eadn Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m<strong> <sup>(3)<\/sup><\/strong>. \u00d4ng t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt sang t\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, khi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00f4n ba v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, sang Nh\u1eadt c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n\u2026 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1906. Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1ea3i Si\u00eau <strong><sup>(4)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Sau n\u00e0y, trong cu\u1ed1n <em>\u2018\u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0110\u00f4ng \u2013 T\u00e2y\u2019<\/em> xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1925, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t hi v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cT\u00f4i r\u1ea5t l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 qua Nh\u1eadt v\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng \u0111em c\u00e1i hay c\u00e1i t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 cho d\u00e2n nh\u1edd m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u00f4 l\u1ec7!<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i r\u1ed3i cho n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 thanh kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1edf n\u1ed5i ch\u0103ng?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, khi th\u1eddi gian v\u1eeba t\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi 39 tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi 34 tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, v\u1edbi v\u1ed1n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, xem ra l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. <sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y quan li\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, m\u00e0 g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n, \u00f4ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 theo \u00f4ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u00e2y \u00ec, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 th\u00edch an ph\u1eadn. \u00d4ng than th\u1edf:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u0103n v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn th\u00ec n\u1ee9c n\u1edf khen, ch\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu x\u00e9t v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh hay h\u1ecd c\u00f2n trau d\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u00e2n l\u00fd m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay?\u201d<\/em> (s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p gi\u00e0u t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, th\u00f4ng qua n\u1ec1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 <em>C\u00e1i n\u00f4i v\u0103n minh<\/em>. Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh t\u1ef1 \u00e1i:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cL\u1ea5y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh, th\u1ebf th\u00ec v\u00ec l\u1ebd n\u00e0o \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 h\u01a1n 60 n\u0103m nay m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u00ea m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i mu\u1ed9i b\u1ecbt m\u1eaft v\u00edt tai kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu xem x\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i hay c\u00e1i kh\u00e9o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em><sup>\u201d<\/sup>. (S\u00e1ch \u0111\/d).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec tin v\u00e0o <em>C\u00e1i n\u00f4i v\u0103n minh<\/em>, n\u00ean khi b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c lo l\u1eafng, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eb3ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb, gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng m\u1ef1c \u0111en, g\u1eedi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i An Nam, c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n <em>\u201c\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u201d<\/em> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>\u201cTh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c h\u1eadu b\u1ed5\u201d<\/em> (Lettre de Phan Chu Trinh au gouverneur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral en 1906)<em>, <\/em>vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, ng\u00e0y 1\/10\/1906.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Xong, s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 mong \u0111\u1ee3i! \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, qua n\u1ed9i dung ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y h\u1ebft c\u00e1i v\u00f4 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00e1i v\u00f4 t\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u00f4 ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i n\u00f3i to\u1ea1c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ed9c l\u00e1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1i ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang n\u00fap b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00e3 cao gi\u1ecdng m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng, \u00f4ng ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e2ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec sao \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u2018n\u00f3i x\u1ea5u\u2019 ch\u00ednh c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\u2026?!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1eady, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 l\u1eadu, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u xa trong l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh trong quan h\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i h\u1ee7 b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cTrong kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m nay, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n \u0103n d\u1ea7m n\u1eb1m \u0111\u00eca \u1edf ch\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft chi\u1ebfu l\u1ec7 cho xong vi\u1ec7c; quan l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 lo cho v\u1eefng th\u1ea7n th\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u00e0 hi\u1ebfp b\u00f3p n\u1eb7n \u1edf ch\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4n, \u0111\u00e1m s\u0129 phu th\u00ec ganh \u0111ua nhau v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1ed3n c\u00fai h\u00f3t n\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u00eam s\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec&nbsp;!\u201d<\/em> (S\u00e1ch \u0111\/d).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh k\u1ebft \u00e1n lu\u00f4n c\u00e1i th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea1ng nh\u1ee1n ti\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cB\u1ecdn c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u00f3p n\u1eb7n m\u00e3i m\u00e0 m\u00e1u m\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh k\u1ebf n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00eca tan, phong t\u1ee5c suy \u0111\u1ed3i, l\u1ec5 ngh\u0129a b\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 4 tri\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1edbc vu\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u01a1n 20 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i s\u1eafp s\u1eeda \u1edf c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb b\u00e1n khai m\u00e0 quay v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb d\u00e3 man\u201d <\/em>(S\u00e1ch \u0111\/d).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e2ng, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00e1i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u0103m t\u1ed1i \u1ea5y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0ng b\u00edt c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i gi\u00f2ng gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng? \u00d4ng l\u1ed9t tr\u1ea7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cChao \u00f4i&nbsp;! m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebfn 20 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ebb c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt, m\u1ec1m y\u1ebfu \u01b0\u01a1n h\u00e8n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau, \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch sinh t\u1ed3n, l\u1ea1i \u00f9 \u00f9 c\u1ea1c c\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh, &#8220;h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9m thua&#8221; n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i m\u01a1 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, d\u00e2n tr\u00ed th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eady!\u201d<\/em> (S\u00e1ch \u0111\/d).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 tha h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n, s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u0103n x\u1ed5i, tham lam, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd l\u00e0 g\u00ec, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1907, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh th\u1eafp l\u00ean ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c (\u0110KNT) t\u1ea1i Th\u0103ng Long \u2013 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 l\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u m\u00e1u th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, l\u00e0: <em>Chi B\u1eb1ng H\u1ecdc\u2026!<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t, r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u00d4ng tin, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft so s\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, l\u1ee3i hay h\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng hay b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng\u2026 T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00f2i cho m\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0: Khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, v\u00ec c\u00f3 d\u00e2n tr\u00ed m\u1edbi ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n kh\u00ed, m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e2n sinh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a Phong tr\u00e0o \u0110KNT: <strong><em>Khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, ch\u1ea5n d\u00e2n kh\u00ed, h\u1eadu d\u00e2n sinh<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4906,\"width\":291,\"height\":455,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/images1233573_a774d_phanchautrinh2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4906\" width=\"291\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/images1233573_a774d_phanchautrinh2-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/images1233573_a774d_phanchautrinh2-1-192x300.jpg 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 291px) 100vw, 291px\" \/><figcaption><em>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh nh\u00ecn k\u1ebb m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1edf mang d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i b\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam, l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m lung lay v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eb9p b\u1ecf \u0110KNT, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u00ecn \u1edf kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch theo Wikipedia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u1ea1i&nbsp;tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf, sau khi vua&nbsp;T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c&nbsp;m\u1ea5t (7\/1883), s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n, quan l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh chia th\u00e0nh hai phe r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u2013 phe Ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 phe Ch\u1ee7 h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phe Ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c&nbsp;th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phe Ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0&nbsp;T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft (1839-1913).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phe Ch\u1ee7 h\u00f2a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng quy thu\u1eadn, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i giai c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 B\u1ed9 binh, n\u1eafm gi\u1eef qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i trong tay v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li>B\u1ed9 L\u1ec5 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0&nbsp;B\u1eafc Chu (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI), giai \u0111o\u1ea1n&nbsp;Nam-B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u&nbsp;t\u1ea1i&nbsp;Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 Th\u00f4ng tin &#8211; truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, B\u1ed9 V\u0103n ho\u00e1,&nbsp;B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao&nbsp;ng\u00e0y nay.<\/li><li>Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m&nbsp;(1858 &#8211; C\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 1846&nbsp;&#8211; M\u1ea5t&nbsp;1913), c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng,&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c&nbsp;kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf&nbsp;ch\u1ed1ng&nbsp;th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p&nbsp;(1885&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;1913).<\/li><li>L\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1ea3i Si\u00eau (1873-1929). Nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y ra ch\u1eef H\u00e1n.<\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>H\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: M\u1ed0I QUAN H\u1ec6 L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH \u2013 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Luis Bonhoure \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: <strong><em>&#8221; Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t nam&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u00e0i li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4843\">\u00d4ng c\u1ea7u Long Bi\u00ean &#8211; Paul Doumer<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4886\">&#8220;L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1ebd n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh &#8211; Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u&#8221;.<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t S\u1ef0 KH\u00c1C BI\u1ec6T C\u0102N B\u1ea2N TRONG PH\u01af\u01a0NG TH\u1ee8C T\u1ed4 CH\u1ee8C v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed8NG VI\u00caN C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG gi\u1eefa PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U v\u00e0 PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u sinh n\u0103m 1867 t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n Nam \u0110\u00e0n, t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh. N\u0103m 1897, khi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":4900,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/maxresdefault.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4899"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4899"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4899\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8153,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4899\/revisions\/8153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}