Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nghe t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
H\u1ed3i m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1865, Sayers khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t anh th\u1ee3 n\u1ec1 m\u00f9 ch\u1eef nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f5 s\u1ef9 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ee9c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00f5 thu\u1eadt tay \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Anh. Trong tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft, \u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tay tr\u00ean b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Hampshire .<\/p>\n
Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 theo d\u00f5i. Nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp l\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0a kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn xem, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng si\u00eau sao n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi Victoria nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Charles Dickens v\u00e0 William Thackeray.<\/p>\n
Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, Ng\u00e0i Palmerston c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn xem; Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria ra l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u cho b\u00e0 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
Khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1m r\u01b0\u1edbc tang l\u1ec5 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn hai d\u1eb7m v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 100.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1. Ngh\u0129a trang bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1m h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u00e2y v\u00e0 gi\u1eabm l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 mong nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1m r\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
152 n\u0103m sau, danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tan th\u00e0nh tro b\u1ee5i. \u00d4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi say m\u00ea l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea5m b\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghe gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ai.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ph\u00eda sau.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean n\u1ea5c thang danh v\u1ecdng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Hy L\u1ea1p t\u00ean l\u00e0 Sappho, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng t\u1eebng khi\u1ebfn bao \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ng\u01b0\u1eddi Athen b\u00e0y t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng nghe nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
V\u00f5 s\u0129 gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Spiculus \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c h\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1eddng Rome th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Nero \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t y\u00eau th\u00edch \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c khi nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh s\u1eafp b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh Spiculus th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean ngay sau khi h\u1ecd m\u1ea5t \u0111i, trong khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e3i \u1edf l\u1ea1i, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ta v\u1eabn h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecd, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i trong phim \u1ea3nh, d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc?<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khao kh\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi danh ti\u1ebfng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ghen t\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u \u1ea9n sau cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0o d\u0129 v\u00e3ng.<\/p>\n X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 l\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh quang v\u0129nh c\u1eedu l\u00e0 khao kh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y. “H\u1ecd r\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng,” Thomas Harrison, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 m\u00f4n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc St Andrews cho bi\u1ebft. “Theo c\u00e1ch h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 g\u00ec khi n\u00f3i h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t t\u1eed trong \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3u, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.”<\/p>\n \u1ede trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n t\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 kleos, hi\u1ec3u s\u01a1 qua c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n”. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn qua th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Homer – v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m – v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m gh\u00ea g\u1edbm v\u00e0 hi sinh to l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn. V\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Homer t\u00ean Achilles, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1eafn v\u00e0o g\u00f3t ch\u00e2n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n “C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh \u0111i chinh chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh quang,” Lynette Mitchell, m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hi L\u1ea1p C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Exeter nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Alexander \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf tr\u1ecb v\u00ec v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Macedon t\u1eeb n\u0103m 336-323 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 Julius Caesar, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ca t\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, lu\u00f4n \u0111em theo c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n tinh vi g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng \u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. “\u0110\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ngay khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra,” Harrison cho bi\u1ebft. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00f4ng in tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n xu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, khi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c pop s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eadu th\u1ebf nh\u1edb t\u1edbi n\u00ean c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. “Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao nh\u01b0 Bono \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i,” Chris Rojek, nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc City, University of London cho bi\u1ebft. “Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh marketing \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i quanh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia.”<\/p>\n Alexander \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf lu\u00f4n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c in tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n xu \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/em><\/p>\n Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra trong quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb t\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. H\u1ecd thao t\u00fang m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 k\u1ebb v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 xem l\u00e0 d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m sau, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n “H\u1ecd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng,” Lynette Mitchell nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ebft gia c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u1edd \u00edt \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh – v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1eddi h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00f9 ch\u1eef – v\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2013, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u0103n t\u00ecm h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u1ecd l\u00f9ng s\u1ee5c internet \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm xem ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c l\u00e0: Karl Marx.<\/p>\n D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Da Vinci, Galileo v\u00e0 Isaac Newton g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, hay Darwin v\u00e0 Einstein s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m, th\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1y tr\u1eddi, ng\u00e0y nay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i Nobel c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. “Khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd,” Harrison cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y mang t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 th\u01a1m \u1edf c\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1i h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i. “M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,” \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft. Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft chu\u1ed7i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean t\u00e0i th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Stephen Hawking c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1c l\u1ed1i – d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n hay.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. “Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 thao c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phai nh\u00f2a \u0111i trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0169ng b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean,” Ruth Penfod-Mounce, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc York cho bi\u1ebft. “David Beckham s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean, t\u00f4i e l\u00e0 v\u1eady.”<\/p>\n Ngh\u1ec1 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c ca kh\u00fac l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh: \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng theo th\u1eddi. Trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m qua, r\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, tr\u1eeb nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. R\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra h\u1eadu th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nghe ban nh\u1ea1c The Beatles trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 xe h\u01a1i bay, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a St Godric \u1edf Finchale, m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n s\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t xa x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 12 v\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi sau nh\u1edb t\u1edbi, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb – nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng c\u1ed1 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c anh h\u00f9ng th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb Caesar \u0111\u1ebfn Boudica, th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1edb t\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn binh ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 Nelson Mandela, Abraham Lincoln v\u00e0 Gandhi, l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. H\u00e3y b\u1ecf v\u0169 kh\u00ed xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n th\u1eed t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 trong v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n hay ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o. “V\u1edbi nh\u00e0 v\u0103n th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef,” Harrison n\u00f3i. “C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Latin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i.” \u00d4ng l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Virgil, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 di-gan sau 11 n\u0103m vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y n\u00f3 khi \u00f4ng tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i ai \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. May m\u1eafn thay, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c thi di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u1eed thi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n H\u1ed3i 2013, Karl Marx \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, d\u1eabu cho nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u1ed1n \u0111i theo h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/em><\/p>\n \u0110\u1eebng l\u00e0m ho\u00e0ng gia<\/strong><\/p>\n Tho\u1ea1t qua th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ho\u00e0ng gia c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed. Nh\u01b0ng Rojek kh\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. “Li\u1ec7u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n nh\u1edb t\u1edbi N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng trong 1.000 n\u0103m n\u1eefa? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 v\u1eady,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i. “Gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u00e0ng gia h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 theo cha truy\u1ec1n con n\u1ed1i – sau khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ebft th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean thay. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng Diana s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb t\u1edbi d\u00f9 l\u00e0 trong 100 n\u0103m n\u1eefa. Nh\u00e0 vua Henry VIII n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o [\u1edf Anh Qu\u1ed1c].”<\/p>\n May m\u1eafn<\/strong><\/p>\n Khi Tutankhamun tr\u00fat h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1323 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u1edf Th\u00e0nh Thebes, sau khi b\u1ecb s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 vua tr\u1ebb 18 tu\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1eeda v\u1ecb pharaoh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0n n\u0103m sau. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u phi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9 cho pharaoh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 x\u00e2y, th\u1ee3 s\u01a1n, th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng Tutankhamun ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1 khu\u1ea5t trong Thung l\u0169ng c\u00e1c V\u1ecb Vua. M\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong k\u00edn ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u01a1n k\u1ecbp kh\u00f4. Qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m m\u1ed9 b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i trong \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1c m\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n Khi nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc Howard Carter c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i Carnarvon t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 n\u0103m 1922, trong m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i s\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u an to\u00e0n, trong khi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 xung quanh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb k\u1ebb c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ed9 d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n K\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vua Tutankhamun \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u00ed \u1ea9n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Danh ti\u1ebfng \u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ef1a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u00e0 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. Khi ta ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, ta l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 Vua Tutankhamun. D\u00f9 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng sao c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra h\u1ea7m m\u1ed9 Tutankhamun khi\u1ebfn v\u1ecb vua tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean nay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu h\u00fat ch\u00fa \u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 di s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u1eefu \u00edch. Di s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13 Th\u00e0nh C\u00e1t T\u01b0 H\u00e3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u trong 1\/200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1eadu th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y nay, hay s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n xu m\u00e0 Alexander \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t t\u1eed v\u1edbi V\u1ea1n l\u00fd Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea5t nung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n theo \u00f4ng – \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c gia. H\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/strong><\/p>\n Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u1ebft tr\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebft trong bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eafn m\u00e0o c\u1eafn v\u00e0o ng\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Cleopatra l\u00e0m – l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb. Hay v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u00edt ai trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn 40 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f2n m\u00e3i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u01b0ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i danh ti\u1ebfng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. “C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 Charlize Theron \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ea1nh Marilyn Monroe, Grace Kelly c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Marlene Dietrich,” Penfold-Mounce n\u00f3i. V\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Marilyn Monroe, b\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: “N\u00e0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, d\u00f9 n\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.”<\/p>\n L\u00e0m k\u1ebb \u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed5 s\u00fay l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch g\u00e2y tai ti\u1ebfng. T\u1eeb Jack t\u00ean \u0110\u1ed3 T\u1ec3 (Jack the Ripper), Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng R\u00e2u \u0110en, \u0111\u1ebfn Hitler v\u00e0 Ivan Hung b\u1ea1o, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 v\u00ec ti\u1ebfng x\u1ea5u. “\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o,” Lynette Mitchell n\u00f3i. “\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u.”<\/p>\n T\u00ednh c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb t\u1edbi qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat r\u00f9ng m\u00ecnh. Theo Rojek, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3u gh\u00ea r\u1ee3n. “Khi Mark David Chapman, k\u1ebb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft John Lennon, b\u1ecb k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u00f4ng ta n\u00f3i ‘\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi’.”<\/p>\n Julius Caesar (102 – 44 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng La L\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Anh<\/em><\/p>\n C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t bi th\u1ea3m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u00fd qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i k\u1ebb \u00e1c kh\u1ecfi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed – b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y l\u00ean.<\/p>\n “Ngay c\u1ea3 [nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Hy L\u1ea1p] Herodtus th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng n\u00f3i “\u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i t\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y” – \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u,” Harrion n\u00f3i. “C\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u00e1p ch\u1ebf b\u1ea1n, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u00eau t\u00ean b\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau t\u00ean b\u1ea1n.”<\/p>\n S\u00e1ng l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 h\u00e0ng n\u00fai ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 cho th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Tr\u1eddi Jesus Christ, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Siddhartha Gautama, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt, d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 L Ron Hubbard ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950, khi \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i Scientology. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i – v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm danh v\u1ecdng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n Gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai khao kh\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eadu th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eed c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. C\u00e2u n\u00f3i “h\u1ecd gi\u00e0u nh\u01b0 Croesus” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1eadt t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng 2.500 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 vua Croesus tr\u1ecb v\u00ec v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Lydia trong 14 n\u0103m v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 xa x\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean tri \u1edf Delphi, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1eb1ng k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u trang s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng xu b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi nay c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn trong 1.000 n\u0103m n\u1eefa?<\/p>\n Lynette Mitchell \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o Alan Turing, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. “\u00d4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua v\u00ec nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i,” b\u00e0 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi Penfold-Mounce, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Donald Trump. “T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c tung \u0111\u1ed3ng xu gi\u1eefa b\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh Theresa May v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Donald Trump, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 Donald Trump s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb t\u1edbi trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.”<\/p>\n Harrison \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. “T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i. “Th\u1eadt h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb t\u1edbi trong nh\u00f3m r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch 100 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi k\u1ec7. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i\u2026. nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5u s\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c pop s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb t\u1edbi. M\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Trump v\u00e0 Putin.”<\/p>\n Rojek \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o Nelson Mandela. “T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t t\u1eed n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.”<\/p>\n B\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng Anh<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean\u00a0BBC<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Zaria Gorvett BBC Future T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a trang Highgate \u1edf London, ch\u0103m ch\u00fa xem m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9 bia d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ed9p, v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng k\u00edch c\u1ee1 th\u1eadt \u0111ang n\u1eb1m ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9. T\u1ea5m \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e2n l\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ed1m v\u00e0 r\u1ec5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":3558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[26,139,23,97,87,95,105,32,42,27,107,93,22,20,30,138,108,106,86,109,53,55,34,33,156,94,96,54,28,31,100,51,24,8,112,99,21,25,36,98,110],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/01.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3557"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3564,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions\/3564"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/02.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n